🐍 Python Data Types – From Basics to Pro (Step-by-Step)

Here's Python data types covered in a crisp, step-by-step beginner-to-pro tutorial. This article addresses all the fundamental types, how they are treated by Python, and practical examples you can experiment with.

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Written By: Nivesh Bansal Linkedin, GitHub, Instagram

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📄 What are Data Types?

Each value in Python has a data type. It informs Python about the type of value stored in a variable — a number, string, list, etc.

You don't have to explicitly define data types. Python infers them for you!

x = 5        # int
y = 3.14     # float
name = "Nivesh"  # str

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📊 Built-in Data Types in Python

Python supports various built-in data types:

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🔢 Numeric Types

int - Whole numbers

age = 25

float - Decimal numbers

pi = 3.1415

complex - Complex numbers (used in advanced math)

z = 3 + 2j

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🔍 Text Type: str

Used for strings (text):

greeting = "Hello, world!"

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📆 Boolean Type: bool

Represents True or False:

is_active = True
is_logged_in = False

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📂 Sequence Types

list - Ordered, mutable collection

colors = ["red", "blue", "green"]

tuple - Ordered, immutable collection

coordinates = (10, 20)

range - Sequence of numbers

nums = range(1, 6)  # 1 to 5

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📝 Mapping Type: dict

A collection of key-value pairs:

person = {
  "name": "Radha",
  "age": 22
}

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✨ Set Types

set - Unique, unordered elements

unique_nums = {1, 2, 3, 2}

frozenset - Immutable set

frozen = frozenset(["a", "b"])

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🚫 Type Checking

Use type() to determine a variable's type:

x = 5
print(type(x))  # <class 'int'>

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⚖️ Type Conversion

Convert from one type to another using built-in functions:

x = 10
print(float(x))  # 10.0

• int("5") ➞ 5
• str(10) ➞ "10"
• list("abc") ➞ ["a", "b", "c"]

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💞 Bonus Tip: Duck Typing

Python has duck typing: “If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it’s a duck.”

You only need to care about the type when it matters.

📚 Keep learning, and happy coding!

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Written By: Nivesh Bansal Linkedin, GitHub, Instagram

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