If your software uses timestamps, you need to know about the Year 2038 problem.

On 19 January 2038 at 03:14:07 UTC, many systems will hit a hard limit. Why?

Most Unix-like systems store time as the number of seconds since 1 January 1970 (the Unix epoch), using a signed 32-bit integer. The maximum value that fits in that space is 2,147,483,647. One second later, it overflows into a negative number and time resets to 13 December 1901.

In short, your system may think it has traveled back in time.

Where this matters:

• Databases storing timestamps in 32-bit fields
• Embedded systems and legacy devices
• Old operating systems or runtimes that still rely on 32-bit time representations

How to prepare:

• Use 64-bit time representations (time_t on modern systems)
• Update legacy databases to store timestamps in larger integer or datetime types
• Audit your code and dependencies for time functions
• Test your applications with future dates to see how they behave

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Takeaway

The Year 2038 bug isn’t science fiction, it’s a real limitation baked into older systems.

If you’re still storing timestamps in 32-bit integers, the clock is ticking.

— Usman Zahid