web-server is a software application that manages and serves web content efficiently, making websites accessible to users anytime ,anywhere.Responsible for receiving HTTP requests from client and responding with request responses,such HTML pages,images,CSS files,JavaScript etc.

How do web-servers work?.

1 A user Requests a web-page

• a user types https://example.com in their browser then the browser translates this into HTTP request. 2 DNS Resolution
• The browser ask the DNS(Domain Name System) to translate the domain(example.com) into an IP address(e.g,192.168.100)

3 Connection to the Server
The browser connects to the HTTP or HTTPS protocol, usually on port 80 HTTP or 443 HTTPS. And uses Transmission Control Protocol to establish a connection

4 web-server Receives requests

• The server (running software like Apache, Nginx, or Microsoft IIS) receives the request, e.g., "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1".

5 Processing the requests

• The web-server looks for the requested file (index.html) in it's directory, if it's a dynamic site using python,PHP,Node-js ,it process the request using it's back-end logic.

6 Response is Sent back

• The server sends a response back with a status code like 200 OK or 404 Not Found . 7 Browser Renders the Content Back The browser receives the response and renders the page.It may then request additional resources like CSS, JS, or images, repeating the cycle.

Types of Web-servers.
Types of web-servers depends on the type of content they send back to the web-server depending if they are dynamic or static
1 static web-servers :delivers hosted file as they are without modification.
2 Dynamic servers:A dynamic web server consists of a static web server plus extra software, most commonly an application server and a database. We call it dynamic because the application server updates to hosted files before sending them to your browser via the HTTP server.

Common web-server Available.
1 Apache HTTP Server:it is an open source and free web-server Compatible with various operating systems, including Windows, Mac OS X, Unix, Linux, and Solaris .licensed under Apache Software foundation.
2 Microsoft IIS – developed and owned by micro-soft which is privately owned ,runs on Microsoft platforms only.
3 Nginx – High-performance, great for static files and reverse proxy.it is an open source web-server highly recommended by many
4 LiteSpeed – Known for speed and low memory usage.