There are many different types of cyber attacks, each with their own purpose, techniques, and mitigation strategies. Some of the most common types of cyber attacks are:

DoS and DDoS Attacks: These attacks aim to overwhelm the resources of a system to make it unavailable to legitimate users. DDoS attacks use multiple compromised devices to launch a larger attack.

MITM Attacks: In these attacks, the attacker inserts themselves between two communicating parties. They can then intercept and modify communications.

Phishing Attacks: Attackers send fraudulent emails or messages to trick users into sharing sensitive information or installing malware.

Ransomware: The attacker encrypts the victim's data and demands a ransom payment in exchange for decrypting the data.

Password Attacks: Attackers try to guess or steal user passwords through brute force, dictionary, or social engineering techniques.

SQL Injection Attacks: Attackers inject malicious SQL commands into a web application's input fields to gain access to the database.

Malware Attacks: Attackers use malicious software like viruses, worms, trojans, and spyware to damage, disrupt, or gain access to a system.

Insider Threats: People within an organization who have access and knowledge can pose a security risk if they act maliciously.

XSS Attacks: Attackers inject malicious scripts into a web application to be executed by a victim's browser.

Eavesdropping Attacks: Attackers intercept network traffic to steal sensitive information like passwords and credit cards.

Those are some of the major categories of common cyber attacks. To defend against them requires a layered approach using tools like firewalls, antivirus software, intrusion detection, multi-factor authentication, employee training, and more. A comprehensive cybersecurity strategy is essential to mitigate today's evolving threats.